Muista

Asetukset yms

Journal logien rajaus

/etc/systemd/journald.conf

SystemMaxUse=100M

Snäppien rajotus

$ sudo snap set system refresh.retain=2 

Pikanäppäin tiedostoon

Shortcutiksi Shirf + Ctrl + M, commandiksi
soffice –writer /path/file.odt

New Dockument saapi, ko ~/Templates hakemistoon laittaa esim. Txt.txt tiedoston

Näyttö pois päältä ja takaisin

Huom. html tulkkaa 2viivaa -> 1 viiva. Laita muokkaus pääle niin tullee oikea.

xrandr –output DisplayPort-1 –off

xrandr –output DisplayPort-1 –auto –rotate left –right-of DisplayPort-0

Pikanäppäimet
Ctrl Alt s (pois)
Ctrl Alt a (päälle)

Pikanäppäin tiedostonhallintaan

Settings – keyboard – layout

https://askubuntu.com/questions/692880/keyboard-shortcut-to-open-ubuntu-file-manager

Kuvankaappaukset

Shutter

Ctrl + Shift + Alt + PrintScreen = Active window

Ctrl + Shift + PrintScreen = Selected area

Ctrl + PrintScreen = The whole screen

Ctrl + V = Paste image

Aliakset

https://askubuntu.com/questions/1414/how-to-create-a-permanent-alias

nano .bashrc

alias=”komento”

alias uu=’sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade’
alias h=’history’
alias aar=’sudo apt autoremove’
alias aac=’sudo apt autoclean’

Virtanappula

sudo -H gedit /etc/acpi/events/powerbtn

Add # to comment line:

#action=/etc/acpi/powerbtn.sh

Add a new line:

action=/sbin/poweroff

Save file. Open a console and type:

sudo acpid restart

Ikkuna takaisin televisiosta

siirrä ikkunaa Super Shift Oikea

pikakuvakheet esim virtuaalikone

dconf-editor

Activities valikon muokkaus

sudo apt install menulibre

Swapin käyttö vasta sitte ko rammi loppuu

sudo echo -e ”vm.swappiness=0” | sudo tee -a /etc/sysctl.conf

Hiiri

Alt pohjassa hiirenklikkaus → siirtää ikkunaa … huono diablossa, näin sen saa pois
dconf write /org/gnome/desktop/wm/preferences/mouse-button-modifier ’”<Shift><Control><Alt><Super>”’

Päivämäärä notifieriin

dconf-editor
org.gnome.desktop.interface

gsettings set com.canonical.indicator.datetime show-date true

 Kellonaika promptiin

.bashrc
export PROMPT_COMMAND=”echo -n [$(date +%H:%M:%S)] ”

Grubin säätö

GRUB-CUSTOMIZER
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:danielrichter2007/grub-customizer
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install grub-customizer

Boottiviestit näkösälle

nano /etc/default/grub

1. From a terminal (or after pressing Alt + F2) run:

   gksudo gedit /etc/default/grub
   

   and enter your password.

2. Find the line starting with GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT and remove the parameters quiet and splash.
3. Save the file and close the editor.
4. Finally, start a terminal and run:

   sudo update-grub
   

   to update GRUB’s configuration file.

Laitteet

VMWare 3d grafiikat

vim .vmware/preferences

mks.gl.allowBlacklistedDrivers = "TRUE"

https://askubuntu.com/questions/832755/no-3d-support-is-available-from-the-host-on-all-vmware-guests

Näytönohjaimen tutkiminen

sudo update-pciids #optional command, requires internet
lspci -nn | grep VGA
dmesg | egrep ’drm|radeon’
lspci | grep -E ”VGA|3D”
sudo lspci -v -s 01:00.0

sudo apt-get install mesa-utils
LIBGL_DEBUG=verbose glxinfo
LIBGL_DEBUG=verbose glxinfo | grep rasterizer
LIBGL_DEBUG=verbose glxinfo | grep llvmpipe

inxi -Fx

lspci

Bluetooth

sudo nano /etc/bluetooth/main.cfg

[General]

Disable=Headset

https://askubuntu.com/questions/319871/bluetooth-speaker-preferred-mode-high-fidelity-playback-a2dp-is-not-getting

sudo service bluetooth restart

Stressitesti

sudo apt install stress

stress -c 4

Ohjelmistot

VMware Player

3D pääle:

~/.vmware/preferences

mks.gl.allowBlacklistedDrivers = ”TRUE” 

Rammi

/etc/vmware/config

prefvmx.minVmMemPct = ”100”

https://possiblelossofprecision.net/?p=2476 

Virtualbox

3D virittäminen
https://blogs.oracle.com/scoter/oracle-vm-virtualbox-6-3d-acceleration-for-ubuntu-1804-guest

tecadmin.net/install-virtualbox-on-ubuntu-18-04/

wget -q https://www.virtualbox.org/download/oracle_vbox_2016.asc -O- | sudo apt-key add -

wget -q https://www.virtualbox.org/download/oracle_vbox.asc -O- | sudo apt-key add -

sudo add-apt-repository "deb http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/debian bionic contrib"

Ei toiminu:

sudo sh -c ’echo ”deb [arch=amd64] http://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/debian $(lsb_release -sc) contrib” >> /etc/apt/sources.list.d/virtualbox.list’

sudo apt update
sudo apt install virtualbox-6.0

Yle-dl

sudo pip uninstall yle-dl
sudo pip3 uninstall yle-dl

Electrum

sudo apt-get install python3-setuptools python3-pyqt5 python3-pip 

https://electrum.org/#download

LibreOffice 6

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:libreoffice/ppa
sudo apt update
sudo apt install libreoffice

Evolution

sudo chmod -x /usr/lib/evolution/evolution-calendar-factory 
sudo chmod -x /usr/lib/evolution/evolution-source-registry
sudo chmod -x /usr/lib/evolution/evolution-addressbook-factory

snap

sudo apt purge snapd ubuntu-core-launcher squashfs-tools

sudo apt install filezilla

sudo apt install rar unrar

sudo ./genymotion-2.12.1-linux_x64.bin -d /home/ohto/Downloads/Softaa/genymotion -u

Vbindiff

Heksaeditori ja erojen vertailu

sudo apt-get install vbindiff

WINE

https://wiki.winehq.org/Ubuntu

sudo dpkg –add-architecture i386

wget -nc https://dl.winehq.org/wine-builds/Release.key
sudo apt-key add Release.key
sudo apt-add-repository https://dl.winehq.org/wine-builds/ubuntu/

Stable branch
sudo apt-get install –install-recommends winehq-stable
Development branch
sudo apt-get install –install-recommends winehq-devel
Staging branch
sudo apt-get install –install-recommends winehq-staging

sudo apt install winetricks

winecfg

Wine poistaminen:

sudo apt-get install ppa-purge

sudo ppa-purge ppa:wine/wine-builds

asennetun jutun pikakuvakkeen poistaminen /.local/share/applications/wine-*

Winen uudelleenkäynnistys

wineboot

Wine ohjelmien poisto

wine uninstaller

poista ~/.wine/ohjelmannimi

Pikakuvakkeiden poistaminen:

It should be enough to remove the wine folder under ~/.local/share/applications.

alacarte poistaa kans

Nano

Alt a Aloita valinta
Alt 6 Kopioi (rivin)
Ctrl K Leikkaa (rivin)
Ctrl U liitä

Imagenteko:

Yumi, MultiSystem, https://etcher.io/

Gnome-sound-recorder

sudo apt install gnome-sound-recorder

Audio switcher

https://askubuntu.com/questions/970323/whats-the-easiest-way-to-switch-audio-output-in-ubuntu-17-10

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:yktooo/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install indicator-sound-switcher

 Diablo II

wine ’/path/.wine/drive_c/progs/Diablo II/Game.exe’ -w -skiptobnet

IRC

XCHAT kanavaa oikealla napilla, sitte settings → disable join part
/set irc_conf_mode 1
#ubuntu
#ubuntu-gnome

xchat:

/set irc_conf_mode on

/gui apply

Pasteta nettiin

sudo apt-get install pastebinit
komento | pastebinit

Diablo 2 Resurrected

https://dreamsandcode.medium.com/how-to-install-diablo-2-resurrection-on-linux-6feb42fb5177

Key – RADV_DEBUG Value – nohiz

Wine runner GE 

reso 1200×720 yms

XFREERDP
https://github.com/FreeRDP/Remmina/wiki
sudo apt-add-repository ppa:remmina-ppa-team/remmina-next
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install remmina remmina-plugin-rdp libfreerdp-plugins-standard

sudo apt install freerdp-x11

tai freerdp2-x11

xfreerdp /v:rds.domain /g:rdgw.domain /u:user /d:domain +auto-reconnect /f
ctrl+alt+enter fullscreen pois
sudo apt-get remove freerdp-x11

#!/bin/bash alkusseen tiedostoon ja se runnaavaksi

YLEAREENA-DL

https://aajanki.github.io/yle-dl/
https://github.com/aajanki/yle-dl/tarball/2.10.1
sudo apt-get install rtmpdump python python-crypto

sudo make install
$ yle-dl http://areena.yle.fi/1-3051647
http://forum.ubuntu-fi.org/index.php?topic=20696.280

Irfanview

WINEPREFIX=”$HOME/prefix32″ WINEARCH=win32 wine wineboot

winetricks mfc42

Wireshark 

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:wireshark-dev/stable

sudo dpkg-reconfigure wireshark-common

press the right arrow and enter for yes

sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/dumpcap

https://github.com/gcla/termshark

Iftop verkkoliikenne

sudo apt install iftop

Hardiskäyttö monitorit yms

iotop

hardinfo

inxi -Fx

mate-system-monitor

neofetch

ram nopeus

sudo dmidecode –type 17 | grep ”Speed”

Multisystem

download
sudo apt install xterm 
sudo install

sudo apt-add-repository 'deb http://liveusb.info/multisystem/depot all main'
wget -q -O - http://liveusb.info/multisystem/depot/multisystem.asc | sudo apt key add -
sudo apt update
sudo apt install multisystem

Office 2013

http://askubuntu.com/questions/879304/wine-2-0-says-it-supports-office-2013-how-do-i-actually-install-it/882084#882084

http://windowsafg.no-ip.org/office2013.html

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:wine/wine-builds
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install --install-recommends winehq-devel

sudo apt install winbind

sudo apt install winetricks

 WINEPREFIX=~/.wine/Office2013 WINEARCH=win32 winecfg

 WINEPREFIX=~/.wine/Office2010 WINEARCH=win32 winecfg

ja sieltä windows 7

WINEPREFIX=~/.wine/Office2013 WINEARCH=win32 winetricks

WINEPREFIX=~/.wine/Office2010 WINEARCH=win32 winetricks

ja asenna msxml6 ja cambria font

WINEPREFIX=~/.wine/Office2013 WINEARCH=win32 wine ./setup.exe

WINEPREFIX=~/.wine/Office2010 WINEARCH=win32 wine ./setup.exe

To avoid the ”black screen” bug, you need to create the following DWORD entry in the registry: HKCUSoftwareWineDirect3DMaxVersionGL Hex value: 30002

Aktivointi-ongelma, jos käyttää OriginalImagea hiedocilta

Office 2010

Office_2010_ProPlusAc_SP1_Finnish_x32.exe

 WINEPREFIX=~/.wine/Office2010 WINEARCH=win32 winecfg

WINEPREFIX=~/.wine/Office2010 WINEARCH=win32 winetricks

WINEPREFIX=~/.wine/Office2010 WINEARCH=win32 wine ./Office_2010_ProPlusAc_SP1_Finnish_x32.exe

 Steam

rm ~/.steam/steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime/i386/usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libstdc++.so.6

https://askubuntu.com/questions/771032/steam-not-opening-in-ubuntu-16-04-lts

Screenshot nethiin

shutter

DD-WRT

http://www.desipro.de/ddwrt/K3-AC-Arm/

ZFS

Pooli uuteen kerneliin

https://gitlab.com/snippets/1861014

sudo zpool import hgst -f

https://www.csparks.com/ZFS%20Without%20Tears.html

 sudo apt install zfsutils-linux 

zpool attach [-f] [-o property=value] pool device new_device

Attaches new_device to an existing zpool device. The existing
device cannot be part of a raidz configuration. If device is not
currently part of a mirrored configuration, device automatically
transforms into a two-way mirror of device and new_device. If
device is part of a two-way mirror, attaching new_device creates a
three-way mirror, and so on. In either case, new_device begins to
resilver immediately.

-f Forces use of new_device, even if its appears to be in use.
Not all devices can be overridden in this manner.

-o property=value

Sets the given pool properties. See the ”Properties” section
for a list of valid properties that can be set. The only prop‐
erty supported at the moment is ”ashift”.

zpool detach pool device

Detaches device from a mirror. The operation is refused if there
are no other valid replicas of the data. If device may be re-added
to the pool later on then consider the ”zpool offline” command
instead.

https://pthree.org/2012/12/11/zfs-administration-part-vi-scrub-and-resilver/

Invalid encoding-file

sudo apt-get install convmv

convmv -r --notest -f cp850 -t UTF-8 *

Muita

Gnome Tweaks

Kdenlive videoeditori

Stacer monitorointi yms

Tietoturva

Varmuuskopiointi

Timeshift

DSM resetointi Control Panel → Update/Restore → Reset

Nas, Control panel, Shared Folder, Encryption, Mount
tai mount.ecryptfs
ssh  user@ip
rsync -ah –progress –delete /path/*

user@ip:/path/

rar a -p paketti.rar kansio

Uspilevyle

rsync -r -t -p -v –progress –delete -s /mnt/hgst/Tähelliset/ /media/ohto/Uspisynkki/Tähelliset/

Kansion salaus:

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/FolderEncryption

Gnome Encfs Manager

.nimi ja nimi

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:gencfsm && sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get -y install gnome-encfs-manager

1. Luo kotiin .Salaa. Son stashi.
2. Mount directoryksi Suojaa
3. Mounttaa
4. Kopioi salattavat tiedostot Suojaan

1. Klikkaa plussaa
2. Luo ja valitte kansio .salaa
3. Luo kansio Suojaa
4. Anna salis
5. Kopioi salattavat tiedostot Suojaa -kansioon

SSH

Serveriin

sudo apt install openssh-server

Clienttiin

sudo apt install sshfs

sshfs ohto@192.168.41.146:/serverikansio ~/clienttikansio

 Sekalaiset

Exfat

sudo apt-get install exfat-fuse exfat-utils

Verkon uudelleenkäynnistys

sudo service network-manager restart

Käyttäjien tutkiminen

id
grep 121 /etc/passwd

Tiedoston oikeudet

chmod +x filu

 Usb image tikulle

ImaGEN EMULOINTI:

qemu-system-x86_64 -m 1024 lm32.iso

Tikun testaus

sudo apt install qemu-system-x86

sudo qemu-system-x86_64 -hda /dev/sdx

https://makandracards.com/makandra/1192-using-qemu-to-quickly-test-an-iso-or-bootable-usb-drive

Tikusta image:

sudo dd if=/dev/sdb  of=usb-image.iso status=progress

tai

ddrescue /dev/sdx /home/user/desktop/multiboot.img

Pakkaus:

dd if=/dev/sdastatus=progress conv=sync,noerror bs=64K | gzip -c  > /home/ohto/multipuutti.img.gz

Purku:

gunzip -c /home/ohto/multipuutti.img.gz | dd of=/dev/sdx status=progress conv=sync,noerror bs=64K

Nollaus:

Image tikulle:

sudo dd of=/dev/sdb  if=usb-image.iso status=progress

https://www.balena.io/etcher/

woe-usb

rosawriter

Startup disk creator

USB standardin testaus

lsusb näyttää vehkeet

lsusb -D /dev/bus/usb/xxx/xxx

https://askubuntu.com/questions/604158/how-do-i-tell-if-a-usb-thumb-drive-is-usb-3-0

Bootinkorjaus

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:yannubuntu/boot-repair
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y boot-repair && boot-repair

USB liikenne wiresharkilla

http://stackoverflow.com/questions/31054437/how-to-install-wireshak-on-linux-and-capture-usb-traffic

ls /sys/kernel/debug/usb/usbmon

1. sudo apt-get install wireshark libpcap0.8
2. Add your username to the ”wireshark” usergroup:sudo usermod -a -G wireshark <your_username>Important: Logout of your session, then log back in.

For kernel version 2.6.21 and later, load the loadable module usbmon in the Kernel:

Tämä sitten kun aloittaa uuden session, siis kun systeemit on jo asennettu ja konvvattu. Pitää siis laittaa tuo probe käyntiin:

1. sudo modprobe usbmonIf the usbmon interfaces don’t appear in Wireshark, look for interfaces using dumpcap (the command-line tool of Wireshark):
2. sudo dumpcap -DYou should see the usbmon* interfaces. Now display the permissions of the usbmon interfaces:ls -l /dev/usbmon*If the usbmon* files have ’crw——-’, then it’s normal that Wireshark cannot read them because it’s not run as root. Do not execute wireshark in root mode, it may damage files. Instead, make them accessible to other users:Tämä on tärkeä, jos ei tee niin ei kaappaa:sudo chmod 644 /dev/usbmon*

PDF

https://askubuntu.com/questions/113544/how-can-i-reduce-the-file-size-of-a-scanned-pdf-file

convert -density 200×200 -quality 20 -compress jpeg input.pdf output.pdf

LibreOffice Draw -> Export -> Quality

Pdf tiedostojen imutus

https://superuser.com/questions/260087/download-all-pdf-links-in-a-web-page

wget --recursive --level=1 --no-directories --no-host-directories --accept pdf http://example.com

Pdf tiedostojen yhdistäminen

Kansion pakkaus multithread

sudo apt install pigz

tar -I pigz -cf tarball.tgz kansion_nimi

Purkaminen:

pigz -dc tarball.tgz | tar xf –

Komentoja

apropos ”hakutermi”

fdisk -l

Kaikki tiedostot alikansioista nykyiseen kansioon

find . -mindepth 2 -type f -print -exec mv {} . \;

Terminaalin nimen muuttaminen

editoi .bashrc, tallenna, tämä toimii sitten komennolla ”set-title otsikko”

https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/177572/how-to-rename-terminal-tab-title-in-gnome-terminal

function set-title() {
  if [[ -z "$ORIG" ]]; then
    ORIG=$PS1
  fi
  TITLE="\[\e]2;$*\a\]"
  PS1=${ORIG}${TITLE}
}

Tulostin

systemctl stop cups
systemctl stop cups-browsed
systemctl disable cups
systemctl disable cups-browsed

Linux kaatuu

https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/31818/what-to-do-when-a-linux-desktop-freezes?utm_medium=organic&utm_source=google_rich_qa&utm_campaign=google_rich_qa

Muistin tutkiminen

https://askubuntu.com/questions/743649/new-16gb-of-ram-installed-yet-i-see-15-3-on-my-system-why

1. You can check how big your RAM sticks are claiming to be with:

   sudo dmidecode | grep Size | grep MB
   

2. You can check how much RAM is available for general use with (look for Mem and total):

   free -h
   

3. You can estimate how much memory the kernel is using with:

   cat /proc/meminfo | grep Slab
   

4. You can check for ”stolen” graphics card memory with:

   dmesg | grep stolen
   

5. You can look for specific hardware reserved memory by looking through:

   dmesg | grep e820

GPU ajurit Radeon Mesa Vulkan

20 sudo add-apt-repository ppa:lutris-team/lutris
21 sudo apt updtae
22 sudo apt update
23 sudo apt install lutris
24 $ sudo apt install libvulkan1 libvulkan-dev vulkan-utils
25 $ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:oibaf/graphics-drivers
26 sudo apt update
27 sudo apt upgrade
28 sudo apt install mesa-vulkan-drivers
29 sudo dpkg –add-architecture i386
30 sudo apt install libgl1-mesa-dri:i386
31 sudo apt install mesa-vulkan-drivers mesa-vulkan-drivers:i386
32 uu
33 uu
34 aar
35 aac
36 sudo dpkg –add-architecture i386
37 wget -nc https://dl.winehq.org/wine-builds/winehq.key
38 sudo apt-key add winehq.key
39 sudo apt-add-repository ’deb https://dl.winehq.org/wine-builds/ubuntu/ eoan main’
40 sudo apt-get update
41 sudo apt-get install –install-recommends winehq-stable
42 sudo apt-get install libgnutls30:i386 libldap-2.4-2:i386 libgpg-error0:i386 libxml2:i386 libasound2-plugins:i386 libsdl2-2.0-0:i386 libfreetype6:i386 libdbus-1-3:i386 libsqlite3-0:i386

Screen tearing

sudo mkdir /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d

sudo nano /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/20-amdgpu.conf

Section ”Device”

Identifier ”AMD”

Driver ”amdgpu”

Option ”TearFree” ”true”

EndSection

Alivoltit Vega 64

https://forum.level1techs.com/t/how-to-overclock-vega-on-linux/132771/64